Following the EPA’s 2024 ruling designating PFOA and PFOS as hazardous substances under CERCLA, managing PFAS risks in environmental due diligence has become more critical. As a result, PFAS risk is now evaluated in Phase I Environmental Site Assessments (ESAs) in the same manner as other hazardous substances under ASTM E1527-21, the standard guide for ESAs. This document provides an overview of PFAS, delves into the unique challenges of assessing PFAS risks, explores red flag industries, and highlights how to address PFAS during Phase II investigations. Furthermore, it covers the latest remediation technologies and strategies, from traditional methods to innovative approaches, and offers additional resources to aid in the decision-making process, including regulatory databases and contamination maps.